1. Evolutionary TIMELINE

  • Evolutionary History
  • Evolutionary Genetics
  • Evolutionary Anthropology/ (Anthropogeny) Biological Anthropology Biological Evolution
  • Evolutionary Psychology       —Biological Psychology—
  • Evolutionary criminology
  • World History                 ———-Reproduction/Gynecology/Embryology (fetal – neonatal physiology)——Pediatrics—–Gerontology
  • Origin of the Universe
  • Cosmology
  • Astrobiology

2. ———-à ancestry, genealogy, ethnology, ethology, heredity/inheritance, genetics, evolution (Darwin and international relations)(globalization and the economic consequences of terrorism)(warfare), ecology, embryology (cloning, stem cells, congenital anomalies, teratology, Multifactorial diseases), taxonomy, epidemiology, etiology, molecular pathology*, molecular genetic pathology, anthropology (anthropogeny)(anthropology of infectious disease), speciation (origin of species), morphology, phylogenetics, ontogeny

  • Evolution of Mammals/Fungi/Plants/Biochemicals/Bacteria/Viruses/Universe/Religion
  • chemical / biochemical evolution – Abiogenesis – Biological Evolution – Biological Anthropology

3. The basis of medicine/medical school revolves around Histology/Embryology/Genetics/Cell-Molecular Biology. The main subjects to know are Microbiology/Pathology/Pharmacology

4. Related TOPICS ———-Exercise*/Biochemistry/GIT physiology/sport physiology/temp regulation and metabolism

5. Which cells don’t divide – Erythrocytes, platelets, gametes, cardiac cells, osteocytes, neurons, retinal photoreceptors, skeletal muscle cells

5. FACT NOTE: There is a BLOOD SUPPLY/NERVE SUPPLY/ Veinous drainage / lymphatic drainage of organs-glands/skeletal muscle/bone

There is a Epithelium/Connective tissue portion of lymphatic vessels, blood vessels – nerves – bone – skin -muscle

6. PERCENT BLOOD CIRCULATION TO REGION: (AT REST)

  • Skeletal muscle – 20% cardiac output
  • Bone – 5-10%
  • Brain – 15%
  • Kidney – 20%
  • Liver – 25% (SPLANCHNIC)
  • Skin – 7.5%
  • Heart – 5%
  • Bronchial / Pleural – Miniscule

7. BODY COMPOSITION

  • Skeletal muscle – 40%
  • Adipose tissue – 10-25% (Variable)
  • Skin – 16%
  • Water ~ 60% (2/3 of body water is within cells ICF, remaining ECF)
  • Brain – 2%
  • Bones – 12-15 %
  • Kidneys –

8. HOT TOPICS to know:

  • Somites give rise to à dermatome, myotome, sclerotomes
  • Connective tissue (examples)-à bone, cartilage, adipose tissue (Associated book: Connective tissue: histophysiology, biochemistry, molecular biology)
  • Mesoderm gives rise to à Connective tissue
  • Mesoderm types à paraxial, intermediate, lateral plate (parietal (somatic), visceral (Splanchnic))
  • Embryonic origin – endoderm/mesoderm/ectoderm
  • (know endomorph, mesomorph, ectomorph)
  • Cranial-spinal nerves, sensory innervation-nerves/motor innervation-nerves, afferent-efferent nerves,    ANS, cutaneous innervation-circulation

9.  Cell types to disparage:

Somatic cells, gametes (rising from germ cells), stem cells

10. atom/molecule/organelles à cell à tissue à organ à organ system à organism à population (population genetics) à species -àcommunity à ecosystem à Biome-à Biosphere à Universe

11. Genetics* (Ecogenetics, population, immunogenetics, behavioral genetics, molecular, developmental, reproductive, Phylogenetics, microbial genetics, Epigenetics, Evolutionary genetics, cytogenetics, biochemical)

  • Gene à Protein
  • Gene Ontology
  • Genotypes-Phenotypes
  • Genetic Code
  • Gene-Environment Interactions (ecogenetics)

12. Oral digestive system includes: mouth, salivary glands, tongue, teeth, and epiglottis

Sensory organs include: tongue, eye (related to Neuro-opthalmology), ear (Neuro-otology), skin    (dermatology), nose–à   Associated books: The Somatosensory System, the biology of sensory systems, sensory systems: anatomy and physiology, Sensory Neuroscience. Website:   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatosensory_system

  • Upper Respiratory tract:  nose, nasal passages, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, and vocal cords.
  • Nose contains: bones, cartilage, muscles, soft tissue, external nose, nasal cavity
  •  Types of Pharynx: Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx (all respiratory system)
  •  Inhaled air from nasal cavity passes into nasopharynx and descends through the oropharynx located in the posterior of the oral cavity. Air inhaled through oral cavity enters the pharynx at the oropharynx.
  • Oropharynx is the only part of the pharynx that is part of both the respiratory system and the digestive system.

13. Respiration involves:

  • Pulmonary Ventilation: External Respiration (Breathing) – Bring air into the lungs (inhalation) (Main muscle: Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles) and releasing air to the atmosphere (exhalation) (Main muscle: internal intercostal muscles).
  • Main accessory muscles of respiration are: Sternocleidomastoid and scalenes (anterior, middle, and posterior).
  • Internal Respiration: Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between cells and blood vessels. Gas exchange takes place in the millions of alveoli in the lungs and the capillaries that envelop them. Inhaled oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood in the capillaries, and the carbon dioxide moves from the blood in the capillaries to the air in the alveoli. Hemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells. Hb in blood carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. There It releases the oxygen to permit aerobic respiration to provides energy to power the functions of the organism in the process called metabolism. Myoglobin is the other iron-containing oxygen-binding protein found in skeletal muscle tissue.
  • Cellular Respiration refers to the set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from oxygen molecules or nutrients in to ATP. It is crucial to a cell’s survival
  • Anaerobic respiration: Type of respiration through which cells can break down sugars to generate energy in the absence of oxygen. It takes place in the cytoplasm. The series of reactions is short and uses a final electron acceptor such as sulfate, nitrate, sulfur, or fumurate instead of oxygen. Main Types of anaerobic respiration include Lactic Acid fermentation and Alcoholic fermentation.
  • Role of Skin in Respiration: Skin has body protecting functions.  Skin protects internal organs from external environment. … Second, skin has respiration and excretion functions. 1% of the total oxygen respiration occurs through skin. Gas exchange in cutaneous respiration is controlled by three factors:[2] 1. Ventilation: the rate of delivery of respiratory medium (water or air) to the respiratory surface 2. Diffusion: the passage of gases through the skin 3. Convection: the carrying of dissolved gases towards or away from the lungs.
  • Perspiration, also known as sweating, is the production of fluids secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals.[1]

14. Visceral/Parietal refers to Organs, fat, and pleura

15. Major metabolic organs of the body: Brain, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, Liver

16. Properties of Life: Order, Sensitivity-response to stimuli, Respiration (plus cellular), Digestion, Excretion, Locomotion, Immunity, Reproduction, Growth and Development, Regulation, Homeostasis, Energy Processing, Evolution

17. Needs: Water, Oxygen, nutrients

18. What are germs, termites, allergies?

19. Major components of an organ-gland:
Epithelium/connective tissue/Smooth Muscle (sometimes skeletal muscle)

20. disinfectant fights against-à infestation -à related to pesticides, insecticides, herbicides  à Hygiene -à sanitation

21. Digestion involves the processes of: Ingestion, Propulsion, Physical/Mechanical, Chemical Digestion, Absorption, Defecation

22. The urethra is the only body part that is both part of the Urinary and Reproductive System

23. —–à Pathophysiology, Histopathology, Molecular pathology, cell and tissue based molecular pathology, cell tissue and skin, cell tissue and disease, cells aging and human disease

24.  Living things —à Prokaryotes — Bacteria (Unicellular)
—à Eukaryotes — Protists(Unicellular and Multicellular)
Fungi, Animalia, Plantae (Multicellular)

25. Endothermic  – animals dependent on or capable of the internal generation of heat (all mammals are)

26. Autotroph – Producer because they are able to make their own food from raw materials and energy (plants, algae and some types of bacteria)

Heterotroph –  Consumers that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients (animals, fungi, some bacteria and protists, and many parasitic plants)

27. Herbivore- An animal that eats plants

Carnivore – An animal that feeds on flesh

Omnivore- An animal or person that eats food of both plant and animal origin

EXERCISE BOOKS AND DESCRIPTION

  • Advanced Exercise Endocrinology
  • Exercise Cardiology
  • Exercise Pulmonology
  • Exercise Bioenergetics
  • Exercise Metabolism
  • Genetics Primer for Exercise Science
  • Exercise Immunology
  • Exercise Psychology
  • Exercise cognition-interaction
  • Exercise genomics
  • Exercise effect on mental health
  • Exercise and human reproduction
  • Principles of exercise neuroscience
  • Exercise and chronic disease
  • Exercise pharmacology
  • Exercise Biochemistry
  • Exercise Oncology
  • Advanced Environmental Exercise Physiology
  • Advanced Cardiovascular Exercise Physiology
  • Advanced Neuromuscular Exercise Physiology
  • Molecular Exercise Physiology

à Cellular Neurophysiology, molecular neurophysiology, Cell physiology and neurophysiology, cell physiology of nerve and muscle, membrane physiology (nerve and muscle), muscle and exercise physiology, muscle physiology and biochemistry, biochemistry of nerve and muscle (muscle biophysics)(kinesiology of the musculoskeletal system), histophysiology, pathophysiology, endocrine and reproductive physiology**

à  reproductive physiology, reproductive endocrinology, reproductive genetics**

à Molecular neurophysiology, molecular neuroendocrinology, molecular neurobiology, molecular neuropharma/toxicology, molecular neuropathology, neurosociology*, behavioral neuroscience (AKA biological psychology), behavioral neuroendocrinology, neuroendocrinology of human reproduction, neuroendocrine-immune interactions, neuroendocrine regulation of behavior, neural regulation of metabolism, neural control of locomotion, neural control of reproduction, neural control of Gastrointestinal function, neuroendocrinology of aging, neurocardiology, neurobio of motor control

à Neurology, Exorcism, Psychiatry (Neuropsychology, Neuropathy, Psychosis, Types of Neuroscience, Hallucinations, Nightmares, Dreams*)

à Neurobiology of Aggression, Neuropsychopharmacology: Pathological Responses to Terrorism, What the fear of terror does to your brain (CNN.com), do we need a neuroscience of terrorism (discovery magazine), Understanding the neurobiological processing of violent extremists, Evolutionary psychology and terrorism

à Molecular endocrinology, (human endocrinology and reproduction-Guyton Chapter), exercise endocrinology,  chemical/biochemical endocrinology, general neuroendocrinology, molecular neuroendocrinology, reproductive endocrinology, Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonadal Axis, Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis, testosterone production, hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, Dianabol steroid, steroid hormones, sex hormones/sex cells/stem cells, cloning, embryology, reproductive hormones, prohormones, myogenesis, muscle hypertrophy, nutrition-endocrinology-disease, endocrinology and metabolism, nutrition and skeletal muscle, nutrition and exercise immunology, advanced nutrition and metabolism, genes and behavior, gene-nutrient interactions, endocrine and reproductive physiology, endocrinology and physiology of reproduction, molecular biology of male reproductive system, molecular biology of female reproductive system, molecular biology of Sexually transmitted diseases, andrology, sexual reproduction/sexual selection/natural selection, cell reproduction/cell division/cell differentiation, reproductive cycles/cell cycle, immunology of human reproduction, Pregnancy and lactation, female physiology before pregnancy and female hormones, urogenital system, general embryology, reproduction/gynecology/embryology, fetal-neonatal physiology, neural control of reproduction, endocrine agents and steroids(book), endocrine toxicology, reproductive toxicology, toxicology and warfare agents**

à molecular driving forces, molecular human reproduction, molecular genetics, molecular genetic pathology, molecular exercise physiology, molecular evolution, molecular embryology, molecular cardiology, molecular hematology, molecular immunology, molecular pathology, molecular rheumatology, molecular biophysics (of Extracellular matrix), molecular pharmacology, molecular therapeutics, molecular diagnostics, molecular medicine, molecular ecology, molecular microbiology (anthropology of infectious disease), molecular biotechnology, molecular epidemiology/etiology, molecular endocrinology,  molecular dermatology, molecular gerontology, molecular nephrology, molecular oncology

à Oncology ———–àHematology———à Immunology ———-à Microbiology
(Radiation Oncology)
(Radiology)

à types of organic chemistry: Bio-organic chemistry, pharmaceutical organic chemistry

à  COVID and the immune system, immunology of infectious diseases, nutrition and exercise immunology, psychoneuroimmunology, neuro-endocrine immune interactions, molecular immunology, cancer immunology, exercise oncology, cancer genetics, molecular biology of cancer, immunogenetics, immunological approach to terrorism/infrastructure (oxford university press), terrorism-immunology-neuroscience news (The Scientist Magazine), immune system as a target for chemical warfare agents (science direct), reproductive immunology, immunopathology, immunology and hematology, hematology and oncology

TYPES OF Life Sciences:

General Biology, Anatomy, Astrobiology, Bacteriology, Biotechnology, Biochemistry, Bioinformatics, Biolinguistics, Biological Anthropology, Biological Oceanography, Biomechanics, Biophysics, Botany, Cell Biology, Developmental Biology, Ecology, Enzymology, Ethology, Evolutionary Biology, Genetics, Histology, Immunology, Microbiology, Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Paleontology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Phycology, Physiology, Toxicology, Virology, Zoology, Population/Quantum/Structural/Synthetic/Systems/Theoretical Biology

Other Biological Disciplines:

Agriculture, Bioengineering, Biogeography, Biogeochemistry, Biogeology, Biomathematics, ChronoBiology, Conservation Biology, Cryobiology, Ethnobiology, Freshwater Biology, Geobiology, Marine Biology, Medicine, Mycology, Parasitology, Protistology, Psychobiology, Entomology, Ichthyology, Herpetology, Ornithology, Mammalogy, Primatology

LEAN MUSCLE MASS BUILDING PLAN

  • Nutrition:
      • Protein Bar example: (QUEST)(or any other of your choice)(High Protein low carb)
      • Muscle Milk Lite (Protein Shake)(or any other of your choice)
      • Isopure Protein Drink (High protein / zero carb) (OPTIONAL)
      • TEA
      • Zero calorie drinks: Sprite zero, Gatorade zero, powerade zero, Coke zero, Fanta      Zero, Bang
  • TREADMILL (2-4 times a day) (440-500 calories every time) (Top incline)(~3.3 speed)
  • Divide throughout the week: X represents sets of 10

10X Bi’s (atleast 10 lb dumbells each)
10X Tri’s
10X Squats
10X Chest
10X Shoulders
10X Back

Do any combination of the 2 body parts per day

HEAVY BULK MUSCLE MASS BUILIDNG PLAN

Nutrition:

  • Heavy intake of Combination of Protein, Carbs, and Creatine

Examples of Weight Gainers: Ultimate Nutrition Muscle Juice and Muscle Tech Mass Tech and Optimum Nutrition 10 lb Whey
Examples of Ready to drink protein shakes: Muscle Milk and more
Examples of Protein Bar – MET-RX protein bar and more

  • Divide throughout the week:

10-30X Bi’s (atleast 10 lb dumbells each)
10-30X Tri’s
10-30X Squats
10-30X Chest
10-30X Shoulders
10-30X Back

Do any combination of the 2 body parts per day

Nutraceuticals:

FAT-LOSS:                                                          Muscle-Building:
Sesamine                                                           Creatine
CLA                                                                      Human Growth Hormone peptides
L-carnitine                                                          ZMA (zinc/magnesium/aspartate)
Evodiamine                                                        Anti-estrogen
Yohimbine                                                          Avena Sativa
Guggelsterones                                                 Tribulus Terrestris
Pyruvate                                                             Fenugreek
Caffeine                                                              Eurycoma Longifolia Jack
Synephrine                                                        Maca
Cortisol blockers                                               Horny Goat Weed
Chitosan                                                             Epimedium Extract
Capsaicin                                                            Gamma-Orynzol
Chromium Picolinate                                        D-aspartic acid
Green tea extract/coffee bean extract         Ashwaganda
7 Keto DHEA                                                      Arginine
Anti-estrogen                                                    D-Ribose
L-tyrosine/iodine                                              Glutamine
Octapamine                                                       Carbs

-Create a legal prohormone – prosteroid and induce skeletal myogenesis with these muscle-building ingredients
-Induce militant fat loss with the fat- loss ingredients

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurobiological_effects_of_physical_exercise
https://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/drobson9.htm
https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/preserve-your-muscle-mass
https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/strength-training-part-i-building-muscles-to-improve-health
https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/dont-let-muscle-mass-go-to-waste
https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/strength-training-part-ii-from-theory-to-practice
https://www.health.harvard.edu/drugs-and-medications/testosterone–what-it-does-and-doesnt-do
https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/511192

Miscellaneous topics:

  • HGH-
  • Dianabol/anti-estrogen
  • Clenbuterol/Cytomel
  • Legal prohormones (Steel Supplements and Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals)-
  • Cortisol-
  • Insulin resistance-
  • IGF-1
  • Testosterone-
  • Good fats/Bad fats
  • Good cholesterol vs bad
  • Basal metabolic rate/Resting metabolic rate

Pandemic – Used to describe the rapid spread of a transmissible infectious/communicable disease over several continents or worldwide.

Endemic – Used to describe a disease that is present at an approximately constant level within a society or country.

Epidemic – Used to describe a disease that spreads rapidly to a large number of people in a given population over a short time period.

What is Biotic, Antibiotic, Abiotic?

  • Zoonosis
  • Insect-born diseases
  • Animal-born diseases
  • Viral diseases
  • Types of Animals: Birds, Mammals (Humans), Fish, Reptiles, Amphibians, Sponges, Arthropods
  • Kingdom: Monera: Bacteria, Blue-Green Algae (Cyanobacteria), Spirochetes
  • Protista: Protozoans and Algea of various types
  • Fungi: Funguses, Molds, Mushrooms, Yeasts, Mildews, and Smuts
  • Plantae: Mosses, Ferns, Woody and non-woody flowering plants
  • Animalia: Sponges, Worms, Insects, Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals

Death causes:
Unnatural Causes:

    • Accident
    • Natural disaster
    • Suicide/Homicide (Ethnicide, Genocide, Gendercide)*
    • Legal Intervention (Capital Punishment)*
    • Euthanasia/Medical errors
    • Abortion*
    • Act of war (Terrorism)*
    • Drugs/Alchohol intoxication

 Natural Cause:

  • Communicable Disease- Infectious Disease
  • Non-communicable disease – Parasitic Diseases, Deficiency diseases, Hereditary diseases (both genetic and non-genetic), physiological

CYCLES: cell cycle, menstrual cycle, biogeochemical cycle, cardiac cycle
Menstrual cycle —-à Ovarian cycle –à Follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase

—-à Uterine Cycle –à Menstrual (female period occurs here), proliferative phase,
Secretory phase

CELLular topics: necrosis, apoptosis, ischemia, hypoxia, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, aplasia, hypoplasia, atrophy, metaplasia, inflammation (example hepatitis, “ “ itis), osteopenia, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, sarcopenia

Cell death/injury occurs due to: Immunological reactions hypersensitivity reaction to foreign agents, autoimmune reactions, immune deficiency), nutritional imbalances, genetic defects (inborn errors of metabolism, gross malformations), hypoxia (shock, lack of blood supply, hypoxemia), microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa), chemical agents (drugs, poisons, foods, irritating substances), physical agents (trauma, irradiation).

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/cuny-csi-ap-1/chapter/cellular-differentiation/
(hematopoeisis / lymphopoiesis)

Types of therapy: gene therapy, vaccine therapy, chemo therapy, radiation therapy, pharmacotherapy, immunotherapy +++ etcc…

“ “ Genesis – Thermogenesis, Myogenesis, Neurogenesis, cytogenesis, histogenesis, organogenesis, anthropogenesis, Morphogenesis, Parthenogenesis, gametogenesis, gonadogenesis, Steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, Embryogenesis, Biogenesis, Abiogenesis, Lipogenesis, Angiogenesis, Lymphogenesis, Pathogenesis +++ etc…

Types of Reproduction:
Sexual Reproduction – Syngamy and Conjugation (Humans can only reproduce sexually)

Asexual Reproduction – Binary Fission, Budding, Fragmentation, Parthenogenesis

PHYSIOLOGY OF MUSCLE-BUILDING/PHYSIOLOGY OF FAT LOSS
HPGonadalAxis, HPAdrenalAxis, plus the role of protein, creatine, carbohydrates, and testosterone

LOTTERY:

What would be the Best cross over fighting game if it were made?

  • SNK vs tekken
  • SNK vs Mortal Kombat
  • SNK vs Marvel
  • Marvel vs Mortal Kombat
  • Tekken vs Mortal Kombat
  • Tekken vs Capcom
  • Marvel vs Tekken

(For Tekken games, imagine playing on the Tekken engine, in terms of 3D graphics. The graphics would be phenomenal to see when playing any Cross Over fighting game with Tekken !!!)

Who is your favorite black sportsmen – entertainer?

-Idris Alba, Will Smith, Eddy Murphy, Bill Cosby, Denzel Washington, Chris Tucker, Barack Obama, Sidney Poieter, Michael Jackson, Michael Jordan, Deon Sanders, Tiger Woods, Mohammad Ali, Kevin Hart, Tyler Perry, Steve Harvey

What is your favorite 3-4 player arcade machine?

What is your favorite shooting arcade?

What is your favorite driving arcade?

What is your favorite multi-game arcade?

Dream arcade, Dream authentics, X-arcade, Supercade, Arcade Legends 3, Ultracade

Who is your favorite horror movie character?

What is your favorite horror movie?

Who is favorite fighting game character?

Who is favorite tv cartoon character?

Who is your favorite ice/water character?

Who is your favorite Electric character?